Sample Questions
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60. What is Physiology?  A study of the functions of the body.
 
61. Name and locate the vital force which controls all body functions.  The brain is the vital force that controls all body functions.
 
62. Name the upper and lower extremities.  Upper: shoulders, arms, forearms, and hands  Lower:  Thighs, legs, and feet
 
63. Cartilage is from what kind of tissue?  Connective tissue
 
64. Name the three fundamental movements of Swedish massage.  Effleurage, Tapotement, and Petrissage
 
65. What movement is always used in general body massage?  Effleurage
 
66. Briefly discuss the therapeutic effects of Effleurage.  Helps in cases of fatigue and insomnia, reduces swelling and congestion, helps in cases of sprains, and power to stimulate circulation.
 
67. What type of massage is especially useful in insomnia?  Effleurage
 
68.  List the things where effleurage can be used and/or is beneficial.
1. treat someone with digestive problems,
2. used in transition from one stoke to another,
3. deep manipulation of soft tissue,
4. to break up areas of fibrosis, use deep effleurage,
5. treating tennis elbow by deep stroking and soothing effleurage,
6. to promote lymphatic flow,
7. to begin massage session,
8. relieving tension in the tibialis anterior,
9. effleurage is used before petrissage movement, and
10. effleurage is one of the four basic movements in massage,
11. has a calming effect on the nervous system,
12. relieves recurrent shoulder dislocation after surgery,
13. used first in massaging the lower extremities,
14. adequate to perform fascia adherons,
15. one of the six manipulations used in Swedish massage.
 
69. Should massage ever the cause client discomfort?  No
    
70. Name the four general classifications of bones and give one example of each.  
• Long=Femur      
• Short=Patella      
• Irregular=Vertebrae    
• Flat=Scapula

71. Name at least three important functions of the skeleton.  (1) protection of organs, (2) acts as framework for the body’s means of locomotion, and (3) source of attachment of muscles.
 
72. How many named bones are found in the adult human skeleton?  206
 
73. What is periosteum and what are the functions of periosteum?  Periosteum is the fibrous membrane that covers practically all bones in the body, acting both as a means of blood supply for the bones and an attachment for many of the muscles of the body.
 
74. What vital force activates all muscle function?  Nerves
 
75. Briefly describe Petrissage manipulation.  Use a kneading motion by grasping your client’s skin with your hands and intermittent compression against the underlying bony surface.  The purpose is for stimulating underlying tissue and muscle.  Pressure should always be applied in an upward direction and always in line with the bone.  You don’t twist the muscles.
 
76. How does Petrissage differ form Effleurage?  With effleurage you use your entire hand or both hands and you stroke the body in only one direction; the deeper stroking is normally with the venous flow, while the light stroking can be against the venous flow.  Effleurage induces relaxation.  You also use the tips of your fingers while doing effleurage and keep your hands and fingers relaxed, not rigid.  Petrissage is a deeper, kneading, circular motion.
 
77. Which of the above, petrissage or effleurage is most stimulating to the tissues?  Petrissage
 
78. Why is petrissage valuable in the after treatment of fractures?  It draws additional nutrition to the area primarily and gives the maximum effect in emptying and refilling the blood vessels and lymph spaces and channels.

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